中国制造业的产业链竞争力研究——基于全球生产网络背景

Research on the industrial chain competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry——based on the global production network

根据OECD-WTO全球投入产出数据,借鉴Criscuolo和Timmis(2018)的方法,基于网络分析方法的博纳奇-卡茨特征向量中心度指标,本文对2005—2015年中国制造业在全球生产网络中的产业链竞争力进行了测度和国际比较,并分析了中国制造业产业链竞争力进一步提升面临的主要问题,研究结果显示:中国制造业整体以及大部分细分行业的产业链竞争力很强且不断提升,但部分行业尤其是高技术制造业的产业链竞争力还有待提高;中国制造业产业链竞争力提升主要面临高技术制造业的关键核心技术和零部件高度依赖进口,以及中低技术制造业向外转移的压力不断加大等问题。据此提出了加强基础技术和关键核心技术研发投入,加强对中低技术制造业关键核心环节的控制,积极开拓内需市场以提高产业链供应链稳定性和协同性等政策建议。

Based on the OECD-WTO global input-output data and the methods of Criscuolo and Timmis(2018)and Bonach-Katz eigenvector centrality index of network analysis method,this paper measures and compares the industrial chain competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry in the global production network from 2005 to2015,and analyzes the main problems faced by the improvement of China’s manufacturing industry chain competitiveness questions.The results show that:(1)The industrial chain competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry as a whole and most of its subdivisions is very strong and constantly improving,but the competitiveness of some industries,especially the high-tech manufacturing industry,is not strong enough;(2)The main problem for the improvement of the competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry chain is that the key core technologies and parts of high-tech manufacturing industry are highly dependent on imports and the pressure for the low and medium tech manufacturing industry to transfer to other countries is increasing.Finally,this paper puts forward some suggestions to consolidate and enhance the chain competitiveness of manufacturing industry.