某医院器官移植患者医院感染病原菌分析

Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria in Nosocomial Infection of Organ Transplant Patients in a Hospital

目的分析器官移植患者医院感染病原菌分布特点,为器官移植患者医院感染的预防和治疗提供参考和依据。方法回顾性收集某三级甲等综合性医院2015年1月1日-2020年12月31日231例确诊器官移植院内感染的患者临床资料,分析其感染发生部位、感染类型及病原菌构成。结果231例器官移植患者中明确存在病原菌感染相关诊断98例(42.4%),共分离出113株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌45株(39.82%)、革兰阳性菌25株(22.12%)、真菌16株(14.16%)、病毒25株(22.12%),革兰阴性菌中以铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌为主,革兰阳性菌以屎肠球菌(12.39%)和表皮葡萄球菌(7.08%)多见,真菌感染中光滑念珠菌最多(7.96%),病毒感染主要为巨细胞病毒毒(10.62%)。结论器官移植患者医院感染中细菌最多见,以革兰阴性菌中铜绿假单胞菌为主,真菌感染呈上升趋势,应重视对病毒感染的预防和治疗。

Objectives To analyze the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infection of organ transplantation patients,and provide reference and basis for the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection in organ transplantation patients.Methods The clinical data of 231 patients with nosocomial infection for organ transplantation from January 1st,2015 to December 31st,2020 were retrospectively collected,and the infection sites,infection types and pathogenic bacteria composition were analyzed.Results Among 231 organ transplant patients,98 cases(42.4%)were confirmed to have pathogenic bacteria infection related diagnosis.A total of 113 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,including 45 strains of Gram-negative bacteria(39.82%),25 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(22.12%),16 strains of fungi(14.16%)and 25 strains of viruses(22.12%).Gram-negative bacteria were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The most common gram-positive strains were Enterococcus faecium(12.39%)and Staphylococcus epidermidis(7.08%).The fungal infections were Candida glabra(7.96%),and cytomegalovirus virus(10.62%).Conclusions Bacteria were the most common in nosocomial infection of organ transplant patients,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common in gram-negative bacteria.Fungal infection was on the rise,and the prevention and treatment of viral infection should be paid more attention.