ATP敏感性钾通道的研究进展

Progress in research on ATP-sensitive potassium channel

ATP敏感性钾通道(ATP-sensitive potassium channel,K_(ATP))是内向整流钾离子通道(inwardly rectifying potassium channels,Kir)分类中的一种。K_(ATP)通道广泛分布于人体内,并随着细胞内ATP浓度的升高活性降低,参与人体的一系列生理反应。如K_(ATP)拮抗剂可降低血糖,而钾离子通道激动剂(potassium channel openers,K_(COs))可靶向治疗帕金森病(Parkinson disease,PD)、阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)和先天性高胰岛素血症(congenital hyperinsulinism,CHI)等,具有重要研究价值。本文对K_(ATP)的调控方式、分子结构及生理功能等方面的研究进展作一综述。

ATP-sensitive potassium channel(K_(ATP))is one of the classifications of inwardly rectifying potassium channels(Kir).K_(ATP)channels are widely distributed in the human body and participate in a series of physiological reactions in the human body,of which the activity decreases with the increase of intracellular ATP concentration.For example,K_(ATP) blockers may decrease blood glucose,while the KCOs(potassium channel openers)may be used for targeted therapy of some diseases such as Parkinson disease,Alzheimer disease and congenital hyperinsulinemia,all of which have important research values.This article reviews the progress in research on regulation,molecular structure and physiological function of K_(ATP).