细胞焦亡及NOD样受体家族Pyrin域蛋白3炎症小体在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of pyroptosis and NOD-like receptors family Pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome in hematological malignancies

细胞焦亡是一种由GSDM家族蛋白介导形成细胞膜孔道的炎性程序性细胞死亡过程,通常由炎性半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶(caspase)-1、-4、-5、-11介导。细胞焦亡参与骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)发病。细胞焦亡过程中产生的NOD样受体家族Pyrin域蛋白(NLRP)3炎症小体与血液系统恶性肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。目前已有针对MDS中细胞焦亡途径的抑制剂,而诱导白血病细胞焦亡,或可为白血病治疗提供新思路。笔者拟就细胞焦亡的发生机制、细胞焦亡在MDS发病过程中的作用、NLRP3炎症小体与血液系统恶性肿瘤的关系、细胞焦亡相关标志物,以及针对细胞焦亡途径潜在治疗靶点的研究进展进行综述,旨在为血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗提供新思路。

Pyroptosis is a kind of inflammatory programmed cell death that forms cell membrane pores via GSDM family proteins,usually mediated by inflammatory cysteine-aspartic protease(caspase)-1,-4,-5,-11.Pyroptosis is involved in pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).NOD-like receptors family Pyrin domain containing(NLRP)3 inflammasome in process of pyroptosis is closely related to occurrence and development of hematological malignancies.At present,there are inhibitors for process of pyroptosis in MDS.And inducing leukemia cell pyroptosis may provide new ideas for treatment of leukemia.This article intends to review research progress of mechanisms of pyroptosis,roles of pyroptosis in pathogenesis of MDS,relationship between NLRP3 inflammasomes and hematological malignancies,related markers of pyroptosis,and potential therapeutic targets in pyroptosis pathway,in order to provide new ideas for treatment of hematological malignancies.