张家口方言涉预期句式“S,是正V么”试析

An Analysis of “S,Shi Zheng V Me” in Zhangjiakou Dialect

“S,是正V么”是张家口方言中的一种特殊句式,由前小句S和后小句“是正V么”构成。“S,是正V么”是涉预期句,具体表现为和听话人预期相反,和说话人预期相合。“正”是情态副词,其意义为“最应该如此”,是从表“合乎社会规范”意义的形容词情态化而来。伴随着“正”的情态化,“S,是正V么”句式化完成,成为张家口方言特殊的句式。

“S,Shi Zheng V Me” is a special sentence pattern in Zhangjiakou dialect,which is composed of pre⁃clause S and post⁃clause “Shi Zheng V Me”.“S,Shi Zheng V Me” is an anticipatory sentence,which can be either opposite to the hearer’s expectation or consistent with the speaker’s expectation.“Zheng” is a modal adverb,whose meaning is “it should be like this most”,and it comes from the adjective which expresses the meaning of“conforming to social norms”.With the modalization of “Zheng”,the sentence pattern of “S,Shi Zheng V Me” has been completed,which has become a special sentence pattern of Zhangjiakou dialect.