围绝经期女性腹型肥胖对心血管疾病发病的影响

Effect of abdominal obesity on occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in perimenopausal women

目的分析围绝经期女性腹型肥胖对心血管疾病发病的影响.方法选取2019年1月-2020年4月浙江中医药大学附属第三医院收治的126例围绝经期腹型肥胖女性为观察组,126例围绝经期非腹型肥胖女性为对照组.比较两组心血管疾病发病情况、心血管疾病危险因素的不可改变因素及可改变因素.结果观察组高血压和冠心病发病率分别为27.8%和12.7%,显著高于对照组的14.3%和5.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.905,P<0.05;χ^(2)=3.876,P<0.05).观察组冠心病家族史比例为11.9%,显著高于对照组的4.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.208,P<0.05).观察组体质指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)及血尿酸(UA)水平分别为(25.9±1.6)kg/m^(2)、(124.8±9.1)mm Hg、(73.7±6.9)mm Hg、(5.4±0.7)mmol/L、(1.3±0.5)mmol/L、(3.5±0.9)mmol/L、(1.1±0.4)mmol/L、(5.3±0.8)mmol/L及(259.6±43.0)mmol/L;对照组BMI、SBP、DBP、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、FPG及UA水平分别为(23.1±2.0)kg/m^(2)、(116.5±8.4)mm Hg、(69.5±6.3)mm Hg、(5.0±0.4)mmol/L、(1.0±0.3)mmol/L、(3.1±0.7)mmol/L、(1.3±0.2)mmol/L、(4.9±1.2)mmol/L及(237.1±39.5)mmol/L.观察组BMI、SBP、DBP、TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG及UA水平均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05),HDL-C水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论围绝经期腹型肥胖女性心血管疾病发病较多,应从心血管疾病危险因素的可改变因素着手,采取有效的干预措施,做好围绝经期健康保健工作,降低心血管疾病发病风险.

Objective To analyze the effect of abdominal obesity on occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in perimenopausal women.Methods From January 2019 to April 2020,126 perimenopausal women with abdominal obesity treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as observation group,and 126 perimenopausal women without abdominal obesity were selected as control group.The incidence rates of cardiovascular diseases,the unalterable and changeable factors of cardiovascular disease risk in the two groups were compared.Results The incidence rates of hypertension and coronary heart disease in observation group were 27.8%and 12.7%,respectively,which were statistically significantly higher than those in control group(14.3%and 5.6%,respectively)(χ^(2)=6.905,P<0.05;χ^(2)=3.876,P<0.05).The ratio of perimenopausal women with coronary heart disease family history in observation group was 11.9%,which was statistically significantly higher than that in control group(4.8%)(χ^(2)=4.208,P<0.05).In observation group,the levels of body mass index(BMI),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),and blood uric acid(UA)were(25.9±1.6)kg/m2,(124.8±9.1)mmHg,(73.7±6.9)mmHg,(5.4±0.7)mmol/L,(1.3±0.5)mmol/L,(3.5±0.9)mmol/L,(1.1±0.4)mmol/L,(5.3±0.8)mmol/L,and(259.6±43.0)mmol/L,respectively;in control group,the levels of BMI,SBP,DBP,TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,FPG,and UA were(23.1±2.0)kg/m2,(116.5±8.4)mmHg,(69.5±6.3)mmHg,(5.0±0.4)mmol/L,(1.0±0.3)mmol/L,(3.1±0.7)mmol/L,(1.3±0.2)mmol/L,(4.9±1.2)mmol/L,and(237.1±39.5)mmol/L,respectively;the levels of BMI,SBP,DBP,TC,TG,LDL-C,FPG,and UA in observation group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),HDL-C level in observation group was statistically significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence rates of cardiovascular diseases in perimenopausal women with abdominal obesity are high,effective intervention measures should be taken based on the changeable factors of cardiovascular disease risk,a good job in perimenopausal health care should be done to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.