基于健康理论的全面营养管理在小儿先天性巨结肠围术期的作用探讨

Role of comprehensive nutritional management based on health theory in perioperative period of children with Hirschsprung disease

目的探讨基于健康理论的全面营养管理在小儿先天性巨结肠围术期的作用。方法选取2019年4月-2019年12月收治的先天性巨结肠患儿82例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组41例。对照组实施常规营养管理,观察组在常规营养管理的基础上实施基于健康理论的全面营养管理。对比两组术后首次排气时间、住院时间、住院费用、营养学相关指标的变化、术后并发症发生状况以及家属满意度情况。结果观察组患儿术后首次排气时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05),住院费用少于对照组(P<0.05)。管理后两组血清总蛋白、血红蛋白、白蛋白和体质指数(BMI)均升高(P<0.05),管理后观察组血清总蛋白、血红蛋白、白蛋白、BMI水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患儿家属满意度分布对比有统计学差异(P<0.05),观察组家属满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于健康理论的全面营养管理在小儿先天性巨结肠围术期能缩短首次排气时间、住院时间,降低住院费用,显著改善患儿的营养状况,减少并发症的发生,提高患儿家属满意度。

Objective To explore the role of comprehensive nutritional management based on health theory in the perioperative period of children with Hirschsprung’s disease. Methods A total of 82 children with Hirschsprung’s disease admitted between April 2019 and December 2019 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 41 cases in each group. The control group implemented routine nutrition management, and the observation group implemented comprehensive nutrition management based on health theory on the basis of routine nutrition management. The first postoperative exhaust time, the hospitalization time, the hospitalization expenses, the changes in nutrition-related indicators, the occurrence of postoperative complications and the family satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The first exhaust time, hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than the control group notably(P<0.05), and hospitalization expenses in the observation group were less than those in the control group(P<0.05). After management, the levels of serum total protein, hemoglobin, albumin and body mass index(BMI) increased in the two groups(P<0.05). After management, serum total protein, hemoglobin, albumin, and BMI levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than the control group notably(P<0.05). A statistically significant difference in the satisfaction distribution of the families of children was in the two groups(P<0.05). The satisfaction degree of the family members in the observation group was higher than the control group notably(P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive nutrition management based on health theory can shorten the first gas discharge time, hospitalization time, reduce hospitalization expenses during the perioperative period of children with Hirschsprung disease, and significantly improve the nutritional status of the children, reduce complications, and increase the satisfaction of the children’s family members.