混合驾驶环境下的早高峰出行行为分析

Analysis of morning commuting behavior under mixed driving environment

本文同时考虑了自动驾驶汽车与普通汽车在行车与停车两方面的行为差异,研究了两者共存时瓶颈交通走廊的早高峰出行行为.考虑了以下三种情形:1)自动驾驶汽车仅提高道路通行能力;2)自动驾驶汽车仅降低出行时间价值(VOT);3)同时影响道路通行能力与VOT.分析了每种情形下所有可能的均衡出行模式,并推导发现,晚出发的出行方式具有更低的均衡出行成本.最后通过数值算例,分别讨论了自动驾驶汽车渗透率对走行、延误和空驶等成本的影响,以及通行能力、VOT的变化对系统总成本的影响.

This paper studies the morning commuting behavior in a bottleneck-constrained corridor when the autonomous and regular vehicles coexist,considering the behavioral differences between them in both driving and parking simultaneously.The following three cases are considered:1)autonomous vehicles only improve the road capacity;2)autonomous vehicles only reduce the value of time VOT;3)both affect the road capacity and the VOT.All possible equilibrium travel patterns in each case are analyzed,and it is proved that commuters with the later travel mode have a lower equilibrium travel cost.Finally,numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effects of the autonomous vehicle penetration on travel costs,delay costs and empty run costs,and the impacts of changes in road capacity and VOT on the total system cost.