预防慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重:佩戴口罩的可行性探讨

To Prevent Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease:the Feasibility of Wearing a Mask

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者预防急性加重最经济有效的措施。方法自2019年12月,全国人民开启了戴口罩的方式,随访2018年、2019年及2020年同一时期福州地区COPD患者因急性加重需住院的患者人数。收集同期平均气温、PM2.5、PM10及空气质量等气象资料。分析相关因素的差异,以及两时期COPD患者住院率。结果2018年、2019年及2020年同时期的福州地区平均气温、PM2.5、PM10及空气质量等级差异无统计学意义。2018年COPD患者急性加重需住院率与2019年同一时期相比差异无统计学意义;2020年COPD患者急性加重需住院率与2019年同一时期比减少,差异具有显著的统计学意义。结论COPD患者佩戴口罩能够有效降低其急性加重致住院率,是一种简单经济、可行的预防COPD的生活方式。

Objective To discuss the most economic and effective lifestyle for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients.Methods Since December 2019,people across the country have started to wear masks.The number of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who needed to be hospitalized due to acute exacerbations in Fuzhou during the same period in 2018,2019 and 2020 was followed up.Collect meteorological data such as average temperature,PM2.5,PM10 and air quality in the same period.Analyze the differences in related factors and the hospitalization rate of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the two periods.Results There was no statistically significant difference in average temperature,PM2.5,PM10 and air quality levels in Fuzhou during the same period of 2018,2019 and 2020.There was no statistically significant difference in the hospitalization rate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive patients in 2018 compared with the same period in 2019;the hospitalization rate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive patients in 2020 decreased compared with the same period in 2019,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Wearing masks can be an economic and efficient lifestyle for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients.