宅基地退出对农户农业生产效率的影响--基于安徽省金寨县473份农户样本

Effect of Rural Residential Land Withdrawal on Farmers’Agricultural Production Efficiency:Based on 473 Rural Household Samples in Jinzhai County,Anhui Province

研究目的:探究宅基地退出对农户农业生产效率的影响,考察宅基地退出年限与退出帮扶政策对农户农业生产效率的影响。研究方法:数据包络分析法,内生转换模型,Tobit模型。研究结果:(1)退出农户与未退出农户农业生产效率的影响因素存在一定的差异。(2)宅基地退出整体上降低农户农业生产效率(-0.087);从不同作物类型来看,宅基地退出降低农户粮食作物效率与经济作物效率,但对后者影响更大。(3)随着宅基地退出年限的增长,农户农业生产效率以及粮食作物效率、经济作物效率均有显著提升;宅基地退出帮扶政策显著提高农户农业生产效率以及经济作物效率。研究结论:当前农户自身恢复力与宅基地退出帮扶政策的提升作用有限,尚不足以完全抵消农户参与退出带来的农业生产效率损失,未来应积极推进土地流转市场构建、加强农业基础设施建设、进一步完善宅基地退出帮扶政策,来助推宅基地退出地区农业生产效率提升。

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of rural residential land withdrawal on agricultural production efficiency of farmers,with a particular focus on the effects of terms and support policies of rural residential land withdrawal.The research methods include data envelopment analysis,endogenous transformation model and Tobit model.The results indicate that:1)the influencing factors of agricultural production efficiency of farmers who withdrew their rural residential land and those who did not are different.2)Rural residential land withdrawal reduces agricultural production efficiency of farmers(-0.087).From the perspective of different crop types,rural residential land withdrawal reduces farmers’grain crop efficiency and cash crop efficiency,but has a greater impact on the latter.3)With the increase of the withdrawal term of rural residential land, agricultural production efficiency, efficiency of food crops and cash crops of farmers significantly improve. Support policies of rural residential land withdrawal can significantly improve farmers’ agricultural production efficiency and cash crop efficiency. In conclusion, the upgrading effects of farmers’ resilience and support policies of rural residential land withdrawal are limited and not sufficient to fully offset the loss of agricultural production efficiency of farmers to participate in the withdrawal. In the future, construction of land transfer market should be actively promoted, agricultural infrastructure construction should be strengthened, and support policies of rural residential land withdrawal should be further improved to increase the agricultural production efficiency in rural residential land withdrawal areas.