华南地区22种园林植物耐旱性分级筛选

Screening and Classification of Drought Tolerance in 22 Species of Landscape Plants in Southern China

以华南地区22种常见园林植物为研究对象,研究人工模拟干旱胁迫环境对植物叶片叶绿素、丙二醛、过氧化物酶、相对电导率等生理指标的影响,通过主成分分析、聚类分析对22种植物耐旱性进行综合分析评价和耐旱等级划分。结果表明:(1)在干旱梯度胁迫期间,植物叶片的叶绿素含量总体上呈不同程度的下降趋势,少数呈上升趋势,丙二醛含量和相对电导率均呈不同程度的上升趋势,多数植物过氧化物酶活性呈不同程度先升后降趋势,少数呈持续上升趋势。(2)22种植物耐旱性分为3个等级:A级强耐旱植物4种,包括灰莉(Fagraea ceilanica)、鸭脚木(Schefflera octophylla)、桂花(Osmanthus fragrans var.fragrans)、鸢尾(Iris tectorum);B级中耐旱植物6种,包括翠芦莉(Ruellia simplex)、栀子花(Gardenia jasminoides)、变叶木(Codiaeum variegatum)、红车(Syzygium hancei)、红背桂(Excoecaria cochinchinen)、茉莉花(Jasminum sambac);C级不耐旱植物12种,包括福建茶(Carmona microphylla)、米仔兰(Aglaia odorata)、大红花(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)、琴叶珊瑚(Jatropha integerrima)、龙船花(Ixora chinensis)、黄蝉(Allamanda schottii)、假连翘(Duranta erecta)、红檵木(Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum)、紫薇(Lagerstroemia indica)、风车草(Cyperus involucratus)、小花月季(Rosa chinensis var.minim)、铜钱草(Hydrocotyle chinensis)。

The physiological changes,including chlorophyll,malondialdehyde(MDA),Peroxidase(POD),from 22 species of landscape plants were studied under drought stress.This study also evaluated and graded their drought resistance through physiological parameters,principal components analysis and clustering analysis.The results showed that:(1)In drought gradient,the chlorophyll content of leaves showed a decreasing trend in different extent,generally,while a few showed an increasing trend;the content of MDA and relative electrical conductivity both showed an increasing trend in different extent;the POD activity of most plants showed a rising trend at first and then a decreasing trend,while a few showed a continuous increasing trend.(2)The drought tolerance of 22 plants were divided into three grades:Fagraea ceilanica,Schefflera octophylla,Osmanthus fragrans var.fragrans,Iris tectorum for grade A,drought-enduring plant;Ruellia simplex,Gardenia jasminoides,Codiaeum variegatum,Syzygium hancei,Excoecaria cochinchinen,Jasminum sambac for grade B,moderate drought-tolerance plant;Carmona microphylla,Aglaia odorata,Hibiscus rosa-sinensis,Jatropha integerrima,Ixora chinensis,Allamanda schottii,Duranta erecta,Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum,Lagerstroemia indica,Cyperus involucratus,Rosa chinensis var.minim,Hydrocotyle chinensis for grade C,drought-intolerant plant.