茂兰国家级自然保护区石松类和蕨类植物区系特征

Floristic Characters of the Lycophytes and Ferns of Maolan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou,Southwestern China

本研究通过野外考查、标本采集和分类鉴定,以及文献资料整理,对贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区石松类和蕨类植物区系组成和分布区类型进行统计分析。结果显示:(1)茂兰国家级自然保护区共有石松类和蕨类植物32科76属237种,优势科为鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteridaceae)、蹄盖蕨科(Athyriaceae)、凤尾蕨科(Pteridaceae)、水龙骨科(Polypodiaceae);优势属为双盖蕨属(Diplazium)、卷柏属(Selaginella)、凤尾蕨属(Pteris)。(2)分布区类型以东亚广布和热带亚洲分布为主,生态类型以阴生植物和土生植物居多。(3)与其他地区的区系比较显示,茂兰与广西花坪物种相似性系数最高,依次是贵州梵净山、四川峨眉山和云南马关县。

In this study,the species diversity and floristic characters of lycophytes and ferns of Maolan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou were reported based on field observation,identifications of new collections,and literatures survey.The result shows that there are 237 species of lycophytes and ferns in Maolan,which belong to 32 families and 76 genera.The dominant families are Dryopteridaceae,Athyriaceae,Pteridaceae and Polypodiaceae,and the dominant genera are Diplazium,Selaginella,and Pteris.At the species level,the flora of lycophytes and ferns of Maolan is characterized by having high proportion of East Asian and Tropical Asian elements.The ecological features are sciophytes and terraphytes in the majority.A comparison with neighboring regions shows that Maolan and Huaping National Nature Reserve in Guangxi have the highest species similarity coefficient,followed by Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou,Emei Mountain in Sichuan,and Maguan County in Yunnan.