非洲留学生汉语介词短语语序习得探析

An analysis of Acquisition of Chinese Prepositional Phrase Word Order by African Students

介词语序是诸多语序参项中比例差异较明显的一种,也是汉语二语习得和教学实践中的难点,在非洲留学生汉语习得过程中表现尤为突出。本文基于汉语书面历时产出语料,重点考察了不同母语背景非洲留学生汉语介词短语语序偏误的类型分布、习得特点、基本过程和速率问题。从母语迁移、学习和产出策略、汉语介词个性和教学训练等角度分析了偏误产生的原因,从偏误率和正确率的动态变化中探测了学习者对汉语介词短语语序的基本习得路径,从学习者母语背景关照、教学总体设计、介词个性化教学角度提出了参考性教学建议。

Prepositional word order is one of the most obvious differences among many word order items,and it is also a difficulty in Chinese second language acquisition and teaching practice,especially in the process of African students’Chinese acquisition.Based on the corpus of Chinese written diachronic production,the author focuses on the type distribution,acquisition characteristics,basic process and rate of Chinese prepositional phrase errors of African students with different mother tongue backgrounds.The author analyzes the causes of errors from the perspectives of mother tongue transfer,learning and output strategies,Chinese preposition personality and teaching and training,probes into the basic acquisition path of Chinese preposition phrase word order from the dynamic changes of error rate and accuracy rate,and puts forward teaching suggestions from the perspectives of the background of the learner’s mother tongue,overall teaching design and preposition personalized teaching.