人工智能法律风险防范与研发者责任探讨

Legal Risk Prevention of Artificial Intelligence and Developer’s Responsibility

近年来,人工智能技术逐步应用于各行各业,为我国科技进步和产业创新开辟了广阔空间,同时也带来了巨大风险。存在设计缺陷和漏洞的智能算法,可能致人损害或遭到外部侵入,其法律责任涉及研发者、生产者、销售者、使用者等多个主体。研发者作为人工智能风险的最初源头,亟需明确责任归属和承担方式。为减少对科技创新的消极影响,在研发者责任的认定中,应明确刑事司法介入的必要性与谦抑性,促进企业自决与行业自治。应在准确把握技术发展现状及特征的前提下,剖析该领域的潜藏风险,制定风险评价管理标准,在促进科技创新与化解法律风险之间寻求平衡。

In recent years,artificial intelligence technology has been gradually applied to all walks of life,opening up broad space for China’s scientific and technological progress and industrial innovation,but also brings huge risks.Intelligent algorithms with design defects and loopholes may cause human damage or external intrusion,and their legal liabilities involve multiple subjects such as developers,producers,sellers and users.As the initial source of AI risk,the developer needs to clarify the responsibility attribution and way of undertaking.In order to reduce the negative impact on scientific and technological innovation,the necessity and modesty of criminal judicial intervention should be clarified in the determination of the responsibility of the developer,so as to promote enterprise self-determination and industry autonomy.On the premise of accurately grasping the status and characteristics of technology development,the potential risks in this field should be analyzed,and the risk evaluation and management standards should be established to seek a balance between promoting scientific and technological innovation and resolving legal risks.