非结核分枝杆菌肺病的研究进展

Research progress of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease

近年来,全球非结核分枝杆菌肺病的患病率呈上升趋势,已成为常见病,且对人类健康造成了威胁。非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)主要累及肺脏,NTM肺病缺乏特异性临床表现和体征,与其他疾病鉴别困难。很多临床医师常忽略NTM肺病的存在,常出现误诊或者漏诊。该文从NTM肺病的定义、流行病学特征及危险因素、发病机制及病理变化、诊治及预防等方面作一综述。

In recent years,the global prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease has shown an upward trend.Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease has become a common disease and poses a threat to human health.Non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)mainly involves the lung,and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease lacks specific clinical symptoms and signs,and it is difficult to distinguish it from other diseases.Many clinicians often neglect the existence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease,which often leads to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.This paper reviews the definition,epidemiology and risk factors,pathogenesisand pathological changes,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease.