海洋温差能供电水下滑翔机的液电转换过程建模与效率分析

Modeling and Efficiency Analysis of the Hydro-electric Conversion Process of Underwater Glider Powered by Ocean Thermal Energy

海洋温差能供电是提高水下滑翔机的续航里程和在位工作时长的有效技术手段。其能量传递路径的优化与能量转化效率提升对于保证水下滑翔机正常工作至关重要。基于水下滑翔机海洋温差能供电系统中机械能-电能转换过程的能量转换机理与损耗机理,建立了液压马达以及发电机等关键器件的参数化能量平衡方程、机械能-电能转换模型以及转换效率计算公式,开展了能量转换过程的效率分析。通过平台试验与模型求解结果对比可知,压力能-动能、动能-电能的能量转化效率的相对误差较小,分别仅为6.37%、5.12%。验证了模型的准确性。在此基础上,通过对模型的效率分析,对海洋温差能供电系统进行了优化设计与试制。在后续的海试试验中,试验样机可以收集6701 J的电能,压力能-电能转化过程的能量转化效率可达38.86%,验证了系统的有效性。

Ocean thermal energy power supply is an effective technique to increase the duration and range of underwater gliders.The optimization of the energy transfer path and improvement of the energy conversion efficiency are crucial for improving the operation of underwater gliders.Based on the energy conversion mechanism and loss mechanism of the mechanical energy-electric energy conversion process in the ocean thermal energy power supply system of underwater gliders,this study establishes the parametric energy balance equation,mechanical energy-electric energy conversion model,and conversion efficiency calculation equation of the hydraulic motor and generator and other key devices as well as performs an efficiency analysis of the energy conversion process.The relative error in the conversion efficiency of pressure-kinetic energy and kinetic-electric energy conversions,when comparing the results of the platform test and the model simulation,are 6.37%and 5.12%,respectively.The accuracy of the model is therefore verified,as these relative errors are small.As a result,the optimal design and prototyping of the ocean thermal energy power supply are performed.In the sea trial,the test prototype can harvest 6701 J of electrical energy,and the energy conversion efficiency of the pressure-electric energy conversion process can reach 38.86%,validating the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed model.