硕士毕业生职业成熟度现状及对高校职业发展教育的启示

Development Characteristics of Master’s Degree Graduates’ Career Maturity and Its Enlightenment to Vocational Development Education in Colleges and Universities

以硕士毕业生为研究对象,采用《硕士毕业生职业成熟度问卷》对其职业成熟度进行调查研究发现:硕士毕业生职业成熟度总体处于中等水平,各因素发展不平衡;男生的职业自我认知显著低于女生,职业自信显著高于女生;工科生的职业成熟度显著高于文科生,理科生职业成熟度水平最低;非独生子女的职业自信和职业独立性显著高于独生子女;专业满意度越高的硕士毕业生,其职业成熟度水平越高。高校可以通过建立“内外兼修”的课程体系、“校企共赢”的实践环节、“分类高效”的就业服务、“灵活动态”的评估机制,切实提升硕士生的职业成熟度。

Master graduates are taken as the research object by adopting“Master Graduates Career Maturity Questionnaire”to investigate and study their career maturity.The results show that the overall vocational maturity of master graduates is at a medium level,and the development of various factors is unbalanced.The occupational self-cognition of male master graduates is significantly lower than that of female students,and their occupational self-confidence is significantly higher than that of female students.The vocational maturity of engineering graduates is significantly higher than that of liberal arts students,and the level of vocational maturity of science students is the lowest.The career confidence and career independence of the non-only child are significantly higher than that of the only child.The higher the degree of professional satisfaction,the higher the level of vocational maturity.Colleges and universities can improve the career maturity of postgraduates by establishing a“internal and external”curriculum system,“school enterprise win-win”practice link,“accurate and efficient”employment service,“flexible and dynamic”evaluation mechanism.