灾害文化:透视传统中国的另一个视角

Disaster Culture:A New Perspective on Traditional China Studies

受自然条件的掣肘,复以人为因素的作用,中国自古以来就灾害不断,水、旱、蝗、震、风、雹、疠疫接踵而至,对农业经济、国家政治、思想文化、区域社会发展等形成诸多直接或间接、良窳不一的影响,中华文明因此留有难以磨灭的灾害烙印。因此,研究中国历史时期的灾害,既是自然灾害史研究不可或缺的内容,更是深入认知、理解传统文明的另一路径。自1930年代以来,学术界对历史灾害与传统社会进行了较多的研究,但其内在缺憾尚待学界同人勠力弥补。

Due to the constraints of natural conditions and the influence of human factors,China has been suffering from constant disasters since ancient times.Floods,droughts,insects,earthquakes and other disasters have affected agricultural economy,national politics,ideology and culture,and regional social development in direct or indirect ways,which left Chinese civilization numerous indeliblemarks.Therefore,studying the disasters in the historical period of China is not only an indispensable component of the internal history of natural disasters,but also another way togain insight into the traditional civilization.Since the 1930s,the academia has conducted a lot of research on historical disasters and traditional society,but its inherent deficiencies still need to bemade up for by colleagues in the academic community.