106份特色甘薯品种资源品质性状评价与分析

Evaluation and analysis of quality characters of 106 special sweetpotato variety resources

以来自不同育种单位的54份橘肉甘薯和52份紫肉甘薯品种资源为材料,测定块根中淀粉、可溶性糖、还原糖、粗蛋白、β-胡萝卜素和花青苷的含量。结果表明,橘肉甘薯的可溶性糖和还原糖含量通常高于紫肉甘薯,淀粉含量低于紫肉甘薯,粗蛋白含量与紫肉甘薯类似;橘肉甘薯的β-胡萝卜素含量为0.4~280.7μg/g,紫肉甘薯的β-胡萝卜素含量最高为31.8μg/g,花青苷含量为15.0~20.0μg/g。相关性分析结果表明,淀粉含量和可溶性糖含量、还原糖含量呈极显著负相关。基于6种营养物质的含量,分别将橘肉甘薯和紫肉甘薯品种资源聚为5个和4个类群;其中,二者均为第II类群种质资源综合品质较好。本研究结果为这些甘薯品种资源的加工利用及品种改良提供理论参考和材料基础。

In this study,54 orange-fleshed and 52 purple-fleshed sweetpotato germplasm resources from different breeding units were selected as experimental materials.The contents of starch,soluble sugar,reducing sugar,crude protein,β-carotene and anthocyanins were determined.The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar and reducing sugar in orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes were higher than those in purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes,but starch content was lower than that in purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes and crude protein content was similar to that in purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes.Theβ-carotene content of orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes ranged from 0.4μg/g to 280.7μg/g,the highestβ-carotene content of purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes was 31.8μg/g,and the total anthocyanin content of purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes ranged from 15.0μg/g to 20.0μg/g.Correlation analysis results showed extremely significant negative correlation between starch content and soluble sugar content or reducing sugar content.Based on the contents of six categories of nutrients,the varieties of orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes and purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes were divided into five and four groups,respectively.The comprehensive quality of group II in both groups was better.The results provided theoretical reference and material basis for the processing and utilization of these sweetpotato varieties and the subsequent improvement of high-quality varieties.