不同光源补光对设施红地球葡萄果实品质的影响

Effects of different supplementary light sources on fruit quality of Red Globe grape under protected cultivation

为探究不同光源补光对设施红地球葡萄果实品质的影响,以8年生红地球葡萄为试验材料,于萌芽开始至果实成熟期,设置5种不同光源(红光、蓝光、红蓝光2∶1、红蓝光4∶1、红蓝光6∶1)补光处理,以不补光为对照,研究不同光源对红地球葡萄叶片光合特性及成熟期果实品质的影响,并结合主成分分析筛选最佳补光光源。结果显示:与对照相比,5种补光处理均能提高葡萄叶片光合作用和果实品质;红光处理果实的纵径、果形指数最高(29.87 mm、1.16);蓝光处理果实的可溶性固形物含量、pH、还原糖含量最高(19.3%、4.14、179.13 g/L);红蓝光2∶1处理果实的固酸比、花青素含量最高(5.49 mg/g、0.16 mg/g);红蓝光4∶1处理果实的糖酸比最高(49.79),可滴定酸含量最低(3.45 g/L)。以花青素含量、纵横径、可溶性固形物含量、还原糖含量、可滴定酸含量、pH、糖酸比等果实品质指标进行主成分分析,得出最适补充光源排序为:蓝光>红蓝光2∶1>红蓝光4∶1>红光>红蓝光6∶1。补充蓝光可作为促进设施红地球葡萄果实成熟及提高果实品质的最佳选择。

To explore the effects of different supplementary light sources on fruit quality of Red Globe grape under protected cultivation,eight-year-old Red Globe grapes were used as the experimental materials.From the beginning of germination to the maturity of fruit,five different light sources(red light(R),blue light(B),R∶B=2∶1,R∶B=4∶1,R∶B=6∶1)used for light source supplement,and the treatment without supplementary light was control(CK).The effects of different light sources on photosynthetic characteristics of grape leaves and fruit quality at maturity were studied,and the best supplementary light source was selected based on principal component analysis.The results showed that compared with the control,all the five treatments could improve the photosynthetic performance of grape leaves and fruit quality.The longitudinal diameter and fruit shape index under red light treatment were the highest(29.87 mm,1.16).The solubl solid content pH and reducing sugar content in fruits under blue light treatment were the highest(19.3%,4.14,179.13 g/L).The ratio of solid-acid and anthocyanin content of fruits were the highest(5.49 mg/g,0.16 mg/g)under the treatment of R∶B=2∶1.The sugar-acid ratio of fruits was the highest(49.79)and the titratable acid content was the lowest(3.45 g/L)under the treatment of R∶B=4∶1.Principal component analysis was carried out on fruit quality indices such as anthocyanin content,longitudinal and transverse diameter,soluble solid content,reducing sugar content,titratable acid content,pH,sugar-acid ratio,and the optimal B>R∶B=2∶1>R∶B=4∶1>R>R∶B=6∶1.In conclusion,the bule light can be used as the best supplementary light source to promote fruit ripening and improve fruit quality of Red Globe grape under protected cultivation.