生物质衍生物重整制氢研究进展

Research progress of hydrogen production by reforming biomass-derived compounds

氢能是公认的较为理想的绿色能源,开发利用氢能不仅能摆脱对传统化石能源的长期依赖,还能解决能源短缺及环境污染问题,低成本且高效环保地制取氢气有利于中国能源结构转变与可持续发展战略的实施,其中利用可再生生物质衍生物重整制氢技术越来越受到人们的关注。从化学与能源角度出发,综述和评论了国内外以生物醇类、苯酚类、酸类三大主要生物质衍生物为原料重整制氢的研究,分析了这些生物质衍生物重整制氢的反应机理,集中阐述了催化剂和载体对重整制氢的作用效果,以及催化体系所面临的问题及改进办法。结合目前制氢发展着重于催化剂改性、载体优化、工艺改进等方面的研究趋势,提出未来可深入开发新型载体和助剂、丰富催化剂体系、整合各种制氢工艺的研究方向。

Hydrogen energy is recognized as an ideal green energy.The development and utilization of hydrogen energy can not only get rid of the long-term dependence on traditional fossil energy,but also solve the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution.The low-cost,efficient and environmentally friendly production of hydrogen is conducive to the im-plementation of China′s energy structure transformation and sustainable development strategy.Among them,the use of renew-able biomass-derived compounds for hydrogen production has attracted more and more attention.From the perspective of chemistry and energy,the research on hydrogen production by reforming with the three major biomass-derived compounds of bio-alcohols,phenols and acids as raw materials at home and abroad was reviewed and commented,the reaction mechanism of hydrogen production from the reforming of these biomass-derived compounds was analyzed,and the effect of catalysts and carriers on hydrogen production from the reforming and the problems faced by the catalytic system and the improvement methods were centrally elaborated.In view of the current research trend of hydrogen production,which focused on catalyst modification,carrier optimization and process improvement,the future research direction of developing new carriers and additives,enriching catalyst systems and integrating various hydrogen production processes were proposed.