巷道掘进光面爆破实用技术

Practical Technology of Smooth Blasting in Roadway Excavation

通过对巷道掘进光面爆破的特点和效果评价分析,举例说明光面爆破带来的综合效益。阐述了光面爆破的基本原理,岩石的破碎与抛掷是应力波与爆生气体共同作用的结果,但对于不同性质的岩石,应力波与爆生气体的作用程度是不同的。各炮眼起爆时使用的雷管段别选择合理,将获得良好的爆破效果。根据光面爆破的基本原理,确定周边眼最小抵抗线、不耦合系数、线装药密度、炮眼间距等主要爆破参数,提出了光面爆破设计的基本要求,对炮眼布置和钻进的注意事项及起爆顺序做了详细介绍,可用于指导光面爆破施工。

Through the evaluation and analysis of the characteristics and effects of smooth blasting in roadway excavation,the comprehensive benefits brought by smooth blasting are illustrated with examples.The basic principle of smooth blasting is expounded.Rock breaking and throwing are the result of the interaction between stress wave and explosive gas,but the degree of interaction between stress wave and explosive gas is different for different rock properties.Good blasting effect will be obtained by choosing reasonable detonator sections for each perforation initiation.According to the basic principle of smooth blasting,the main blasting parameters such as minimum resistance line of peripheral holes,uncoupling coefficient,line charge density and hole spacing are determined,the basic requirements of smooth blasting design are put forward,and the attentions of hole layout,drilling and blasting sequence are introduced in detail,which can be used to guide smooth blasting construction.