基于SPEAKING模型的城市历史文化街区语言景观研究

Linguistic Landscape in Urban Historic and Cultural Districts based on the SPEAKING Communication Model

历史文化街区的语言景观是公共空间语言和中国传统文化接触、融合的表征,体现区域文化软实力,助力中国文化走出去。本研究以SPEAKING模型为框架,结合田野调查法、访谈法、统计法,考察南京夫子庙历史文化街区的语言景观现状,探析语言标牌的“作者”、“读者”和文本的互动关系。研究发现,夫子庙官方和私人标牌的语码选择与取向存在差异,反映不同语言的权势地位和活力水平。官方标牌的“作者”、“读者”和文本的互动明显,标牌充分发挥了信息和象征功能,但译写中存在中式英语的现象。私人标牌的三者互动不足,标牌译写欠佳,未能突显商家的经营特色和游客的消费需求。该研究对合理规划官方语言政策,有效探索城市语言生态具有积极意义。

The Linguistic landscape in historic and cultural districts is the symbol of integration between Chinese language and culture.It helps build the regional soft power and spread traditional culture.Based on the SPEAKING model and combined with field investigation,interview and statistics,this study investigates the status quo of linguistic landscape in Nanjing Confucius Temple,and explores the interactive relationship between the“authors”,the“readers”and text of language signs.It is found that the code selection and orientation of the official and private signs are different,reflecting the power status and vitality of different languages.The interaction between the“authors”,the“readers”and official signs is obvious.The signs play the information and symbolic functions,but there are some Chinglish in C-E translation.The shortage of interaction among the“authors”,the“readers”and private signs was caused by the merchants’failure to highlight business characteristics and consumer needs.This study is of positive significance to the rational planning of official language and the effective exploration of urban language ecology.