敦煌古藏文《驯马经》中的驯马技术研究

On the Techniques of Training Horses in the Horse Training of Ancient Tibet Documents of Dunhuang

敦煌文书中古藏文《驯马经》是古代世界珍稀的畜牧兽医文献之一,记载古代吐蕃人的独到驯马手段和丰富经验。他们视马体质强弱循序渐进地训练,根据马身体的反应来调整运动量;驯前有准备活动,驯后有整理运动;还采取措施增大马的胆量,注意马的饮食、调整膘情等。这些措施十分符合运动生理学、运动医学原理,显示了古代吐蕃人在畜牧业上的聪明才智。

Horse Training is a Tibetan reference found in Dunhuang,which is one of the most valuable ancient documents on animal husbandry and veterinary in the world.It contains much techniques and experiences of the Tubo people in training horses.They trained horses step by step,adjusting the training according to the health of the horses.Before the training began,they gave horses warming-up,and after training ended,they gave them reorganization movement.They also trained the courage of the horses and paid attention to the food of the horse during the training period.All these techniques contained sports medicine and sports physiology,showing the wisdom of ancient Tibetans on animal husbandry.