城市公园植物群落小气候效应及人体热舒适度——以哈尔滨三座公园为例

Microclimate Effect and Human Thermal Comfort of Urban Park Plant Community:Take the Three Parks in Harbin as an Example

以哈尔滨市三座公园16个植物群落为研究对象,对其进行春、夏、秋3个季节的小气候数据实测,运用Rayman1.2计算各季节的热舒适度,利用指标评价法对不同植物群落三季的热舒适度进行评价及相关性分析。结果表明春、夏两季植物群落小气候效应起到积极作用,秋季则相反。通过相关性分析可知,各季节小气候因子与人体热舒适度存在相关性,且群落本身特征和舒适度也具有相关性,其中与密度、郁闭度呈显著相关(P<0.05),与种类数呈极显著相关(P<0.01)。评价结果揭示了植物群落舒适度现存问题,为营造适宜人体户外活动的植物群落空间提供参考依据。

Sixteen plant communities in three parks in Harbin were taken as research objects,and microclimate data were measured in spring,summer,and autumn.Rayman 1.2 was used to calculate the thermal comfort in each season.The index evaluation method was used to evaluate different plant communities evaluation and correlation analysis of thermal comfort in the third quarter.The results show that the microclimate effect of the plant community plays a positive role in the spring and summer seasons,but the opposite in autumn.Through correlation analysis,there are correlations between microclimate factors and human thermal comfort in each season,and the characteristics and comfort of the community itself are also correlated,which is significantly correlated with density and canopy density(P<0.05),and with the number of species is very significant correlation(P<0.01).The evaluation results reveal the existing problems of plant community comfort,and provide a reference for creating a plant community space suitable for human outdoor activities.