成网条件下地铁-公交复杂网络的末班车衔接优化

Optimization of the Last Train Connection of Subway-bus Complex Network under the Condition of Network

为解决城市交通末班车衔接效率和成功率低的问题,在城市轨道交通末班车衔接研究的基础上,通过提出末班车衔接矩阵的网络表示法,研究以实际线路末班车运营时刻表为基础的地铁-公交末班车换乘衔接的双层复杂网络模型。同时,使用ucinet计算网络特征参量(度、最短路径、衔接比例)的值并将其作为衡量城市交通网络末班车换乘衔接效率、次数以及成功率的评价指标。针对换乘失败率较高的车站,通过延后其所在线路的末班车时刻优化路网的末班车时刻表。最后,对成都市进行实例研究,系统验证了加入公交末班车网络后可使得换乘站的度大幅增加,最短路径无明显增加,衔接成功率由25.4%大幅提高至39.1%。结果表明了地铁-公交双层复杂网络的末班车衔接效率和成功率相较于城市轨道交通网络的优越性。同时,延后换乘失败率较高车站的末班车时刻,使得地铁-公交双层复杂网络的末班车衔接成功率由39.1%提高至40.7%,改善了城市交通末班车的衔接状况,提高了城市交通末班车的服务水平。

The last bus of urban traffic currently has the problems of low connection efficiency and low success rate.In order to solve this problem,the double-layer complex network model of the last bus transfer connection in subway-bus based on the actual ope-ration schedule of the last bus was studied.Based on the study of the last bus connection in urban rail transit,a network representation of the last bus connection matrix was presented.Meanwhile,ucinet was used to calculate the values of network characteristic parameters(degree,shortest path,connection ratio)and they was taken as evaluation indexes to measure the connection efficiency,frequency and success rate of the last bus transfer in the urban transportation network.Aiming at the stations with high transfer failure rate,the last bus schedule of the network was optimized by postponing the last bus time of their routes.Finally,taking Chengdu as a case study,it is systematically verified that joining the last bus network could significantly increase the degree of transfer stations,without increasing the shortest path,and the success rate of connection was significantly increased from 25.4%to 39.1%,which indicated that the last bus connection efficiency and success rate of the complex subway-bus double-layer network is superior to that of the urban rail transit network.And the delay of the last bus in the station with a higher failure rate increases the success rate of the last bus connection from 39.1%to 40.7%,which improves the connection condition of the last bus and the service quality of the last bus in the city.