高寒草地类型和海拔对濒危藏药独一味生长繁殖特征的影响

Effects of alpine grassland types and altitudes on growth and reproduction traits of wild endangered medicinal materials Lamiophlomis rotata

为探讨高寒草地类型和海拔对独一味(Lamiophlomis rotata)生长与繁殖特征的影响,在玛曲三种草地类型和三个海拔梯度下进行随机样方调查和样品收集,并对独一味的生长和繁殖特征指标进行测定。结果表明:(1)不同草地类型中,独一味地上部特征表现为高寒沼泽化草甸>高寒山坡草甸>高寒灌丛草甸,地下部特征表现为高寒沼泽化草甸>高寒灌丛草甸>高寒山坡草甸;(2)独一味生长繁殖特征随着海拔的升高而下降;(3)不同草地类型和海拔下,独一味有性繁殖结构的投入与植株大小间存在显著的正相关性,而无性繁殖投入与植株大小间不存在相关性;(4)不同草地类型和海拔下,独一味两种繁殖方式间不存在相关性。综上结果表明:独一味资源分配方式受到草地类型影响,是与环境长期适应后的结果;有性繁殖的发生需要植株一定量的营养生长积累,而无性繁殖投入可能是植株固有特性,与植株大小无关;根茎芽无性繁殖可能发生在地上部破坏之后而非主动行为,两种繁殖方式间的无相关性是否会受到除草地类型和海拔以外的其他因素影响还有待进一步研究。

In order to explore the influence of alpine grassland types and altitudes on growth and reproduction traits of Lamiophlomis rotata,random quadrat investigation and sample collection were conducted under three grassland types and three altitude gradients in Maqu,and the growth and reproduction traits were measured.The results were as follows:(1)The traits of aboveground parts were alpine swamp meadow>alpine hillside meadow>alpine shrub meadow,and the traits of the underground parts were alpine swamp meadow>alpine shrub meadow>alpine hillside meadow;(2)The traits were decreased with the increase of altitude;(3)In different grassland types and altitudes,there was a significant positive correlation between the sexual reproduction structure and plant size,but there was no correlation between the asexual reproduction and plant size;(4)In different grassland types and altitudes,there was no correlation between the two reproduction modes.All the above results indicate that the resource allocation method is affected by grassland types,which is the result of long-term adaptation to the environment;The occurrence of sexual reproduction requires a certain amount of vegetative growth accumulation,while the asexual reproduction may be the inherent characteristics of plants,independent of plant size;The asexual propagation of rhizome bud may occur after the destruction of the aboveground rather than the active behavior.Whether the uncorrelation between the two propagation modes would be affected by other factors needs further study.