马来西亚产小果沉香所结沉香的GC-MS分析

GC-MS Analysis of Agarwood from Aquilaria microcarpa in Malaysia

采用乙醚超声萃取法提取马来西亚产小果沉香所结沉香的挥发性成分,运用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术分析其化学成分,并与马来西亚产白木香、柯拉斯那沉香和近全缘沉香结香样品进行对比分析。结果表明,小果沉香结香样品挥发性成分的组成的主要为5,8-二羟基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮、对映-4(15)-桉叶烷-11-醇-1-酮、6-甲氧基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮和(1β,4αβ,7β,8αβ)-八氢-7-[1-(羟甲基)乙烯基]-1,8α-二甲基萘-4α(2H)-醇(相对百分含量均超过10%),栽培结香样品与野生结香样品区别较大,前者倍半萜类化合物相对百分含量明显高于色酮类化合物,而后者则是色酮类化合物相对百分含量高于倍半萜类化合物或相当,前者倍半萜和色酮种类均较多,其中倍半萜的种类也多于色酮类化合物,其相对百分含量也较高,色酮的种类较少,其相对百分含量也较低,而后者倍半萜和色酮的种类均较少,其中倍半萜的种类多于色酮类化合物,但相对百分含量较低,而色酮的种类少,但相对百分含量却较高。另外,有一种倍半萜类化学成分,即11,13-二羟基-9(10)-烯-8α,12-环氧艾里莫芬烷只在栽培小果沉香结香样品中检测到。此外,将小果沉香与白木香、柯拉斯那沉香、近全缘沉香结香样品中挥发性成分对比分析发现,其种类、相对百分含量与后三者均具有较大差异,所有样品中仅有2种共有成分,即5,8-二羟基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮和6-甲氧基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮。

The volatile components of agarwood from Aquilaria microcarpa in Malaysia were extracted by ether ultra-sonic extraction and its chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and were compared with those from Malaysia such as A.sinensis,A.crassna and A.subintegra.The results indicated that 5,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone,ent-4(15)-eudesmen-11-ol-1-one,(1β,4αβ,7β,8αβ)-octahydro-7-[1-(hydroxy-methyl)ethenyl]-1,8α-dimethylnaphthalen-4α(2H)-ol and 6-methoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone(the relative percen-tages were all above 10%)were the main volatile components of A.microcarpa samples.There was a big difference between the agarwood samples from cultivated and wild tree,the relative percentage contents of sesquiterpenoids was significantly higher than that of chromones in the former,while the relative percentage contents of chromones was higher than that of sesquiterpenoids or equivalent in the latter.There were more kinds of sesquiterpenoids and chro-mones in the former,among which the kinds and the relative percentage contents of sesquiterpenoids were more than chromones.However,the latter were less,among which the kinds of sesquiterpenoids were more than chromones,but the relative percentage was relatively low,while the relative percentage of chromones was higher.In addition,a ses-quiterpenoid of 11,13-dihydroxy-9(10)-ene-8α,12-epoxyemophilane was only detected in the agarwood samples from cultivated samples of A.microcarpa.Moreover,the volatile components of Agarwood samples from A.microcarpa,A.sinensis,A.crassna and A.subintegra were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the kinds and relative per-centage contents of compounds from A.microcarpa were significantly different from those of the latter three.There were only two common components in all samples,namely 5,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone and 6-methoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone.