踏面磨耗下转臂定位刚度对车辆动力学性能的影响

Influence of Positioning Stiffness of Rotating Arm on Vehicle Dynamic Performance under Tread Wear

为研究高速列车服役过程中轮轨磨耗对车辆动力学性能的影响,建立了车辆高维强非线性系统动力学模型,采用实测车轮踏面廓型表征轮轨接触几何关系,研究不同车轮磨耗状态下转臂定位橡胶节点刚度与车辆动力学性能之间的关联关系。结果表明:随着轮轨磨耗程度加剧,轮轨匹配等效锥度增大,导致车辆蛇行运动稳定性下降、运行平稳性和运行安全性恶化。转臂节点纵向刚度增大可以提高车辆临界速度、车辆横向平稳性和运行安全性,当增加到17.5 MN/m以上时,临界速度、横向平稳性和运行安全性趋于稳定;随着转臂节点横向刚度增大,车辆临界速度先增大后减小,大于5 MN/m时趋于稳定,最优值约为2.5 MN/m;转臂节点横向刚度对车辆横向平稳性影响较小;在小锥度时,车辆运行安全性随着转臂节点横向刚度增大而小幅降低,在大锥度时,车辆运行安全性随着转臂节点横向刚度增大而急剧恶化。综上,为适应不同等效锥度,转臂节点纵向定位刚度选取范围建议为5~17.5 MN/m,横向定位刚度选取范围建议为2~5 MN/m。

In order to find the influence of wheel and rail wear about dynamic performance of the high-speed railway vehicle in the actual operation process,a high dimensional strong nonlinear dynamic model of the high-speed vehicle was established,and measured wheel profile was used to characterize contact geometry between wheel and rail,and relationship between stiffness of steering rubber joint and dynamic performance of railway vehicle was studied in different wheel/rail wear state.Results show that stability of hunting motion of vehicle decreases,stability and safety of the vehicle all deteriorate with the increment of wheel and rail wear and equivalent conicity.Moreover,with the increment of longitudinal steering joint stiffness,critical speed,lateral stability and safety of vehicles increases gradually.When it goes above 17.5 MN/m,the increment of critical speed,lateral stability and safety tends to be stable.With the increment of lateral steering joint stiffness,critical speed of vehicle tends to increase first and then decrease,and finally tends to be stable around 5 MN/m,which reaches the maximum when the stiffness is 2.5 MN/m.Lateral stiffness of steering joint has little influence on lateral stability of the vehicle;At low equivalent conicity,vehicle running safety decreases slightly with the increment of lateral stiffness of steering joint,while equivalent conicity increases,the vehicle running safety deteriorates sharply with the increase of lateral stiffness of steering joint.In conclusion,in order to adapt to different equivalent conicity,the optional range of longitudinal stiffness of steering joint is suggested to concentrated in 5~17.5 MN/m,while its lateral stiffness is suggested to be within 2~5 MN/m.