高速铁路车站候车厅声环境主观调研及测试分析

Subjective Investigation and Test Study on Acoustic Environment ofWaiting Hall in High-speed Railway Station

高速铁路车站候车厅具有空间大、噪声源组成复杂等特征,关系旅客候车的舒适度。利用主观调研与现场试验相结合的方式,对我国不同规模车站候车厅的声学问题进行了研究。根据调研及测试结果,繁忙时段候车厅噪声达到70 dB(A)以上,是旅客烦恼的主要因素;候车厅内混响时间普遍较高,混响时间超过5 s对广播清晰度有较大影响;列车通过车站时的直达声或二次辐射噪声、机器设备及商业广播声等均会导致旅客烦恼度升高。

The Waiting hall of high-speed railway station had the characteristics of large scale and complex noise sources,which was closely related to the passengers'subjective feeling while waiting for the trains.By means of subjective investigation and objective test,the acoustic problems of waiting halls of different scale stations were studied.According to the investigation and test results,the noise in waiting halls could above 70 dB(A)during busy time,which was the main factor leading to the passengers'annoyance.Reverberation time in waiting halls were generally high,and T60 over 5 s had great influence on the broadcast clarity.The direct airborne noise or secondary radiation noise caused by the passing trains,machinery noise and commercial broadcastings were all reasons that raised the passenger's annoyance.