中国消除疟疾:重要里程碑意义及消除后的挑战

Malaria elimination in China:an eminent milestone in the anti-malaria campaign and challenges in the post-elimination stage

疟疾曾是中国流行历史最久远、危害最严重的传染病之一,历经70余年的综合性防控,我国疟疾防治工作成绩显著,疟疾发病率和死亡率大幅下降,有效地控制了疟疾流行,保障了人民健康,同时也减少了群众因病致贫、因病返贫,促进了社会经济发展。自2017年全国首次实现无本地原发感染病例报告后,中国已连续4年维持这一成果,并于2021年6月30日正式获得世界卫生组织的消除疟疾认证,这在中国的公共卫生事业和全球疟疾消除中都具有重要的里程碑意义。本文系统回顾了我国消除疟疾的重大意义、工作特色及消除后面临的挑战等。

Malaria is one of the oldest and most severe infectious diseases in China.After over 70 years of comprehensive control and prevention measures,great achievements have been made in malaria control in China,with a remarkable decline in morbidity and mortality.The malaria epidemic has been controlled effectively,ensuring people’s health,reducing the poverty due to illness,and promoting social and economic development.The milestone achievements in elimination of indigenous malaria cases nationwide has been maintained for 4 consecutive years since 2017,and thereafter the World Health Organization certificated malaria elimination in China on June 30,2021,which is a significant milestone in the public health in China and the global history of malaria elimination.This paper systematically reviews the great impacts,performance characteristic and experiences gained from malaria elimination program,and the challenges in post-elimination stage in China.