细胞自噬在阿尔茨海默病中的作用

The Role of Autophagy in Alzheimer’s Disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种认知功能障碍的神经退行性疾病,主要以β-淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid protein,Aβ)沉积形成的老年斑(senile plaque,SP)和细胞内Tau蛋白过度磷酸化形成的神经元纤维缠结(neurofibrillary tangles,NFTs)为病理特征。细胞自噬(autophagy)是有效清除神经细胞中异常蛋白质和维持机体稳态的重要途径。该文对近几年有关细胞自噬和AD的相关研究进行了回顾,详细系统地总结了自噬的基本过程以及自噬与AD的关系,深入探析了细胞自噬相关通路的调控和其在AD中的作用,以期为AD的防治提供科学合理的理论依据。

AD(Alzheimer’s disease)is a neurodegenerative disease with cognitive dysfunction,which is mainly characterized by SP(senile plaque)formed by Aβ(β-amyloid protein)deposition and NFTs(neurofibrillary tangles)formed by hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in cells.Autophagy is an important way to effectively remove abnormal proteins in nerve cells and maintain organism homeostasis.In this review,relevant studies on autophagy and AD in recent years have been retrospected,as well as the basic process of autophagy and the relationship between autophagy and AD are summarized in detailly and systematically.In addition,this review deeply explores the regulation of autophagy-related pathways and its role in AD,and expects to provide a scientific and reasonable theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of AD.