南非可再生能源发展现状及中国企业投资建议

Status of Renewable Energy Development in South Africa and Investment Suggestions for Chinese Enterprises

作为全球最大的温室气体排放国之一,南非近年来积极推进低碳能源转型。南非可再生能源储量丰富,尤其在太阳能和风能方面具有天然优势,但截至2019年,可再生能源在南非一次能源结构中仅占比4%,可再生能源装机容量和发电量仅分别占全国总量的8%和6%。根据南非最新版综合能源规划,2030年可再生能源装机占比将增至37.08%,太阳能和风电装机将分别达到8288MW和17742MW。可再生能源独立发电商采购项目(REIPPPP)是南非推进可再生能源开发的主要方式,通过公开招标引入私人资本,前四轮招标已累计引入92个可再生能源项目,新增装机容量6328MW。2021年3月启动的第五轮招标,有望成为我国企业投资南非可再生能源市场和推动两国能源合作的又一重要契机。截至目前,中国企业参与南非可再生能源项目招标取得了一些成绩,但也遇到了很多困难。报价过高、未能满足黑人经济振兴计划要求、资质审批未达标是造成投标失败的主要原因。建议中国企业严格遵循当地市场规则和技术标准,重视本地化要求,采取多种方式参与市场开拓,同时重视与金融机构合作,防范汇率风险。

As one of the world’s largest emitters of greenhouse gases,South Africa has actively promoted low-carbon energy transition in recent years.South Africa has abundant renewable energy resources,especially solar and wind energy.However,as of 2019,renewable energy only accounted for 4% of South Africa ′s primary energy structure,and the installed capacity and generation output of renewable energy only accounted for 8 % and 6 % of the country’s total respectively. According to the latest Integrated Resource Plan( IRP) of South Africa,the proportion of renewable energy installed capacity will increase to 37.08% in 2030,and the installed capacity of solar and wind power will reach 8,288 MW and 17742 MW respectively.The Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme(REIPPPP) is the main way for South Africa to promote the development of renewable energy.Private capital can be introduced through public bidding.During the first four rounds of bidding,a total of 92 renewable energy projects have been introduced with an additional installed capacity of 6328 MW.The fifth round of bidding launched in March 2021 is expected to become another important opportunity for Chinese companies to invest in the South African renewable energy market and promote energy cooperation between the two countries.Up to now,Chinese companies have achieved some results in participating in the bidding of renewable energy projects in South Africa,and also have encountered many difficulties.Excessive quotations,failure to meet the requirements of the Black Eco-nomic Empowerment(BEE),and failure to meet the qualification approval are the main reasons for the bid-ding failure.It is recommended that Chinese companies strictly abide by local market rules and technical standards,attach importance to localization requirements,participate in market development in various ways,and attach importance to cooperation with financial institutions to prevent exchange rate risks.