红树梁煤矿首采面智能岩移观测站设计研究

Design on intelligent observation station of rock movement in the first mining face of Hongshuliang Coal Mine

处于山区、低山和丘陵地区的煤矿,按照矿山测量规范设计岩移观测站即沿走向和倾向主剖面位置布设观测线,因受地形限制布设难,同时因地形起伏较大,采用常规的水准、全站仪观测难度大,既耗人力又耗时间。结合红树粱矿首采工作面岩移观测站设计,研究采用北斗/GPS一机多天线技术,对地表移动变形观测点实施动态智能监测,平面和高程精度均可达到毫米级,可获得常规观测站无法得到的实时动态观测数据,为准确掌握开采沉陷动态变形规律,指导边开采边地表开采损害防治与生态修复工程,研究地表沉陷与井下矿压、冲击地压相关规侓提供科学数据;同时由于采用一机多天线技术,大大降低了建站成本,实现了矿山岩移观测站的自动化、无人化和智能化,为矿山岩移观测站的设置及观测提供了新手段和新方法,具有较好的应用前景。

For coal mines located in mountainous, low-mountain and hilly areas, the rock movement observation station is difficult to lay out according to the mine survey specification, that is, the observation line is laid out along the strike and the main profile of the inclination. And the conventional level and total station observation is difficult, due to topographical restrictions and due to large topographical fluctuations, which consumes both too much manpower and time. Based on the design of the rock movement observation station for the first mining face of Hongshuliang Mine, the Beidou/GPS one-machine multi-antenna technology is applied to monitor the movement and deformation observation points on the surface dynamically and intelligently, and the plane and elevation accuracy can reach millimeter level. The real-time dynamic observation data is obtained which is not possible for conventional observation stations. The data provides scientific foundation for understanding the laws of dynamic deformation of excavation subsidence, guiding surface mining damage prevention and ecological restoration projects while mining, and studying the laws of surface subsidence, underground mine pressure and rock burst. Meanwhile, with the one-machine multi-antenna technology, the cost of station construction is greatly reduced, and the automation, unmanned operation and intelligentization of the mine rock movement observation station are realized, which provides new methods for the setting and observation of the mine rock movement observation station.