松下汉文法理论的形成及其在日本近代汉日语法学史上的意义

Formation of Matsushita’s Theory of Chinese Grammar and Its Significance in the History of Modern Japanese Chinese Grammar

日本著名语法学家松下大三郎运用美国结构主义语言学理论方法确立的以普通语言学理论和“连词理论”为核心的语法理论体系,获学界高度评价。这一语法理论是在《标准汉文法》中真正确立的,在日本近代汉日语法研究历史上别具一格,具有前瞻性。但日本近代没有发现接受并继承松下语法学说的后来学者,原因主要有三:第一,近代日本国语语法学界排斥普通语言学、接受比较语言学的思潮波及日本的汉日语法研究;第二,松下文法偏重理论研究,与当时日本近代语法研究主要倾向于教学应用相悖;第三,松下致力于中国留学生教育,没有培养出其学术继承人。

Matsushita Daizaburo,a famous Japanese grammarian,established a grammar theory system with general linguistics theory and“conjunctions theory”as the core by applying the methods of American structuralist linguistics theory,which was highly appraised by the academic circle.This grammatical theory is truly established in The Standard Chinese Grammar,and it has a unique style and is forward-looking in the history of modern Japanese studies on Chinese and Japanese grammar research.However,in modern Japan,there were no later scholars who accepted and inherited Matsushita’s grammar theory.There are three main reasons.First,the trend of thought of anti-general linguistics and pro-compara-tive linguistics in modern Japanese grammar academia spread to the study of Sino-Japanese grammar in Japan.Second,Matsushita’s grammar lay emphasis on theoretical research,which was contrary to the trend that modern Japanese grammar research was mainly inclined to teaching application.Third,Panasonic devoted itself to educating Chinese students abroad and failed to produce an academic heir.