我国大运河保护利用背景下的人口迁移研究——基于大运河沿线城市移民调查资料的分析

A Research on Population Migration under the Background of Protection and Utilization of the Grand Canal of China:An Analysis Based on the Survey Data of Urban Immigration along the Grand Canal

人口问题是我国大运河文化带建设的中心问题。对大运河沿线城市移民进行调查研究发现:大运河沿线移民常见的迁移方式是链式迁移和随机性直接迁移;智力型移民、技能型移民占较大比重;推拉理论和二元经济理论能够解释很大一部分移民的迁移机制;迁移动机从生存需求向发展需求转变,“对美好生活的向往”是最根本的迁移动机;个体迁移既出于经济理性的考虑,也受政策和情感因素的影响;城市的文化软实力是吸引移民的重要因素之一;移民的城市适应能力因年龄、文化水平的不同而存在差异。在大运河文化带建设中,需要统筹考虑大运河沿线城市移民问题,从而促进人口、资源和环境的协调发展。

The population issue is the central issue in the construction of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt in China.Based on the survey of urban migration along the Grand Canal,it is found that the most common migration methods of migration along the Grand Canal are chain migration and random direct migration.Intellectual and skilled immigrants account for a larger proportion.Push-pull theory and dual economic theory can explain the migration mechanism of a large part of the floating population.The migration motivation changes from survival to development,and“yearning for a better life”is the most fundamental migration motivation.Individual migration motivation is not only based on economic rationality,but also influenced by policy and emotional factors.The cultural soft power of cities is one of the important factors to attract immigrants.The urban adaptability of immigrants varies with age and cultural level.In the construction of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the migration problem of cities along the Grand Canal,and solve the problem of accompanying population,so as to promote the coordinated development of population,resources and environment.