二胎政策下高龄产妇产前心理状态与应对方式、社会支持的关系研究

Study on Relationship between Prenatal Psychological Status and Coping Styles,Social Support of Elderly Pregnant Women under Two-child Policy

目的:分析二胎政策下高龄产妇产前心理状态与应对方式、社会支持的关系。方法:研究选取2018年2月—2019年2月吉安市永丰县中医院妇产科收入院的160例高龄二胎产妇进行问卷调查,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价产妇心理状态,特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)评价应对方式,社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评价社会支持水平,经单因素分析、Pearson相关分析探究产妇心理状态与应对方式、社会支持的关系。结果:160例高龄二胎产妇SAS平均得分为(46.32±7.83)分,SDS为(49.26±8.14)分,其中焦虑检出率为35.00%,抑郁检出率为38.13%;单因素分析结果显示,不同焦虑程度、不同抑郁程度产妇TCSQ评分中积极应对得分、消极应对得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),SSRS评分中主观支持和支持利用度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,产妇焦虑、抑郁均与积极应对、主观支持、支持利用度呈负相关关系(P<0.05),与消极应对呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:二胎政策下高龄产妇产前存在一定焦虑、抑郁情绪,且与产妇应对方式、社会支持相关。

Objective:To analyze the relationship between prenatal psychological status and coping styles and social support of elderly pregnant women under two-child policy.Methods:A total of 160 elderly second-born women in the hospital from February 2018 to February 2019 were enrolled in the questionnaire.The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to evaluate the psychological status of pregnant women,and trait coping style questionnaire(TCSQ)was used to evaluate the coping styles,and social support rating scale(SSRS)was used to evaluate the social support level.Univariate analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were performed to explore the relationship between psychological status and coping styles,social support of pregnant women.Results:The average score of SAS was(46.32±7.83)points and the SDS score was(49.26±8.14)points in the 160 elderly second-born women,and the anxiety detection rate was 35.00%and the depression detection rate was 38.13%.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the TCSQ scores of mothers with different anxiety and depression levels in the positive coping scores and negative coping scores(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the subjective support and support utilization in the SSRS score(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that anxiety and depression of pregnant women were negatively correlated with positive coping,subjective support and support utilization(P<0.05),and were positively correlated with negative coping(P<0.05).Conclusion:Under two-child policy,elderly pregnant women have certain anxiety and depression during prenatal period,and anxiety and depressionare related to l coping styles and social support.