静脉用药调配中心职业暴露与预防对策探讨

A Study of the Occupational Exposure Potential Risk and Pevention Strategy in PIVAS

目的对静脉用药调配中心(pharmacy intravenous admixture service,PIVAS)职业暴露危险因素与预防对策进行分析探讨。方法以2019年1月—2020年1月在医院PIVAS工作的58名工作人员作为研究对象,对所有研究对象进行问卷调查,总结职业暴露危害因素,并探讨针对性预防对策。结果此次研究共发放问卷58份,回收58份,有效问卷58份,问卷回收有效率为100.00%。经过单因素分析,不同学历、年龄、工作年限、职称、职业防护教育经历及职业暴露情况调查对象的职业暴露情况得分有明显差异,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。经过多因素分析,学历本科、硕士及以上,工作年限2年及以上,职业防护教育情况,职业暴露经历为PIVAS工作人员职业暴露保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论静脉用药调配中心工作人员职业暴露较为普遍,其中学历、工作年限、职业暴露经历及职业防护教育均为职业暴露重要因素,应针对上述因素,加强静脉用药调配中心工作人员的教育培训,特别是职业防护教育,加强提前干预,降低职业暴露发生率。

Objective To analyze and discuss the occupational exposure risk factors and preventive measures of the pharmacy intravenous admixture service(PIVAS).Methods 58 staff who worked in PIVAS in the hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were used as the research objects.Questionnaire surveys were conducted among all the research objects to summarize occupational exposure hazards and explore targeted preventive countermeasures.Results A total of 58 questionnaires were distributed in this study,58 questionnaires were returned,and 58 valid questionnaires were returned.The effective rate of questionnaire return was 100.00%.Through single factor analysis,there are significant differences in the occupational exposure scores of survey subjects with different educational backgrounds,ages,working years,job title,occupational protection education experience and occupational exposure,P<0.05,and the difference was statistically significant.After multi-factor analysis,bachelor’s degree,master’s degree and above,working experience of 2 years or more,occupational protection education,occupational exposure experience were the protective factors of PIVAS workers’occupational exposure(P<0.05).Conclusion Occupational exposure of staff in intravenous drug compounding centers is relatively common.Among them,academic qualifications,working years,occupational exposure experience and occupational protection education are all important factors of occupational exposure.In view of the above factors,the education and training of staff in intravenous drug compounding centers should be strengthened,especially occupational protection education,strengthen early intervention,and reduce the incidence of occupational exposure.