多异瓢虫对两种设施蔬菜蚜虫的捕食功能反应及捕食偏好研究

Study on the Functional Responses and Predation Preference of Hippodamia variegata(Goeze) to Two Aphids

为评价多异瓢虫Hippodamia variegata(Goeze)对吐鲁番地区温室内桃蚜Myzuspersicae(Sulzer)及豆蚜Aphis craccivora(Koch)的捕食作用、控害潜力及捕食偏好,室内研究了多异瓢虫不同虫态对不同密度两种蚜虫的捕食量及捕食选择。结果表明:多异瓢虫幼虫及成虫对两种蚜虫的捕食功能反应均符合Holling II型功能反应类型。多异瓢虫成幼虫对桃蚜的理论最大日捕食量表现为雌成虫>四龄幼虫>三龄幼虫>雄成虫>二龄幼虫>一龄幼虫,分别为:149头/日、116头/日、132头/日、125头/日、82头/日、18头/日。多异瓢虫成幼虫对豆蚜的理论最大捕食量表现为雌成虫>雄成虫>四龄幼虫>三龄幼虫>二龄幼虫>一龄幼虫,分别为222头/日、179头/日、141头/日、118头/日、65头/日、18头/日。多异瓢虫成幼虫(除蛹)对两种蚜虫的寻找效应均随着猎物密度的增加而下降,对两种蚜虫的平均捕食率均随着自身密度的增加而呈下降的趋势,符合Hasse-Ⅱ模型。对两种蚜虫的偏好性比较,多异瓢虫对桃蚜表现出捕食偏好。

This project aims to evaluate the predation effect,control potential and predation preference of Hippodamia variegata(Goeze) on Myzuspersicae(Sulzer) and Aphis craccivora(Koch) in greenhouses in Turpan,and study the predation quantity and preference of H.variegate at different state on two aphids with different densities.The results showed that the function responses of adult and larva of H.variegata to two aphids conformed with Holling-II formulas.The maximum predation of H.variegata on M.persicae was:female adults>fourth instar larvae>third instar larvae>male adults>second instar larvae>first instar larvae,respectively,whose the predation amounts were 149 aphids/day,116 aphids/day,132 aphids/day,125 aphids/day,82 aphids/day,18 aphids/day,respectively.The maximum predation of H.variegata on A.craccivora was female adults>male adults>fourth instar larvae>third instar larvae >second instar larvae >first instar larvae,which were 222 aphids/day,179 aphids/day,141 aphids/day,118 aphids/day,65 aphids/day and 18 aphids/day.The finding effect of all insect states(except nymphs) of the H.variegata on both aphids decreased with increasing prey density,and the average predation rate on both aphids tended to decrease with the increase of their own density,in line with the Hasse-II model.According to comparison of preferences of the two aphids,H.variegate showed predation showed a prey preference for M.persicae.