人与自然和谐共生的行动机制

Action Mechanism of Harmonious Coexistence Between Human and Nature

实现人与自然和谐共生的关键在行动。在生态文明行动语境下,行动主体生态责任意识不强、行动目的偏差导致人文生态与自然生态失衡、行动过程陷入经济发展与环境保护悖论、行动保障呈现系统性生态制度与碎片化生态治理并存困境,制约着人与自然和谐共生目标的实现。帕森斯认为,任何一个行动系统得以维持和发展,必须满足与子系统相对应的适应功能(A)、目标达成功能(G)、整合功能(I)、模式维系功能(L),这四项功能需求被称为"AGIL"模型。人与自然是生命共同体,借鉴帕森斯"AGIL"行动模型,以整体性视角构建人与自然和谐共生行动机制,需整合社会共同体系统,强化行动主体生态责任;重塑文化系统,促进人文生态和自然生态协同发展;优化经济系统,实现经济发展与环境保护共赢;完善政治系统,实现生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化。建构人与自然和谐共生的四维行动机制,为社会主义生态文明建设从生态理念走向生态行动提供可能路径。

The key to achieving harmonious coexistence between human and nature lies in action.In the context of ecological civilization action,action subjects’lack of ecological responsibility awareness and the deviation of action purposes lead to the imbalance between humanistic ecology and natural ecology,and therefore,the paradox of economic development and environmental protection prevails in the process of action.Besides,the coexistence of systematic ecological system and fragmented ecological governance in action guarantee restricts the achievement of harmonious coexistence between human and nature.Parsons believes that any action system must meet the functional requirements of adaptive functions(A),goal achievement function(G),integrated function(I),and mode maintenance function(L)corresponding to the subsystem for maintenance and development,which is the"AGIL"model.Human and nature constitute a community of life.In the light of Parsons’"AGIL"model,to construct an action mechanism of harmonious coexistence between human and nature from a holistic perspective calls for the integration of the social community system by strengthening the ecological responsibility awareness of actors and reshaping the cultural system to promote the coordinated development of humanistic ecology and natural ecology.To achieve the win-win situation of economic development and environmental protection,we need to optimize the economic system and improve the political system for the modernization of the ecological environment governance system and governance capabilities.It is essential to construct the four-dimensional action mechanism of harmonious coexistence between human and nature,providing a possible path for the construction of socialist ecological civilization to develop from ecological mentality to ecological action.