广西6个地方鸡品种蛋重、蛋形指数和孵化成绩分析

Analysis of egg weight,egg shape index and hatching performance of six breeds of Guangxi local chickens

蛋重和蛋形指数是地方鸡育种过程中蛋品质测定的两个重要性状,会一定程度影响孵化成绩。为探究广西6个地方鸡品种蛋重和蛋形指数的变化规律及其与孵化成绩的关系,将广西三黄鸡(SH)、霞烟鸡(XY)、广西麻鸡(GXM)、南丹瑶鸡(NDY)、龙胜凤鸡(LSF)、东兰乌鸡(DLW)6个地方鸡品种与作为对照的来航鸡(LH)比较,在相同的饲养条件下,对其整个产蛋期的蛋重和蛋形指数及对应孵化成绩进行分析研究。结果显示,广西地方鸡品种的蛋重随着产蛋周龄的增加而增加,产蛋后期显著高于产蛋前期(P<0.05),蛋形指数随着产蛋周龄的增加呈上升趋势。来航鸡的蛋重显著高于广西地方鸡(P<0.05)。应用判别分析可对本研究6个地方品种受精蛋的孵化情况进行预测和预选。该研究为广西地方品种蛋重和蛋形指数的选种选育提供理论依据。

Egg weight and egg shape index are two important traits in the determination of egg quality in the breeding of local chickens, which will affect the hatching performance of the chickens to a certain extent. To investigate the variations in egg weight and egg shape index of six local chicken breeds in the Guangxi area and their relationships with the hatching performance of the birds, Guangxi Sanhuang(SH) chickens, Xiayan(XY) chickens, Guangxi Partridge(GXM) chickens, Nandan-Yao(NDY) chickens, Longsheng-Fong(LSF) chickens, Donglan-Wu(DLW) chickens and Leghorn(LH) chickens were used as subjects in the experiment. All the breeds were fed under the same condition, and their egg weight, egg shape index and corresponding hatching performance during the whole laying period were tested. The results showed that the egg weight of the Guangxi local chicken breeds rose with the increase of their egg-laying age, and the egg weight of their late egg-laying period was significantly higher than that of the early egg-laying period(P<0.05). The egg weight of Leghorn chickens was significantly higher than that of the Guangxi local chickens(P<0.05), and their egg shape index showed an upward trend with the increase in egg production age. The study indicated that discriminant analysis might be used in prediction of the hatching performance and the selection of the fertilized eggs for the six local chicken breeds in Guangxi. This study provided a theoretical basis for the selection of egg weight and egg shape index and breeding of local chickens breeds in the Guangxi area.