比较驼绒藜和苜蓿颗粒料对双胞胎羔羊屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

Comparison of the effects of Ceratoides arborescens and Medicago sativa pellets on the slaughter performance and meat quality of twin lambs

饲料的营养成分可直接影响家畜的屠宰性能与肉品质,试验旨在研究高纤维牧草和高蛋白牧草对羔羊肉品质的影响。试验分别选取高纤维牧草驼绒藜和高蛋白牧草苜蓿作为饲料主要成分。选取4对(共8只)3月龄、体重(24±2.3)kg、健康的双胞胎羔羊为试验对象,分析了两种饲料对羔羊屠宰性能与羊肉品质指标的影响。结果表明,饲喂苜蓿颗粒饲料对羔羊增重效果极显著,达到0.187 kg/d,显著高于驼绒藜为主的颗粒饲料(0.097 kg/d,P<0.01)。同时,苜蓿饲料也显著增加了肌肉中脂肪的含量,而驼绒藜饲料显著增加了羊肉的水分含量(P<0.05),提高羊肉的嫩度。虽然两种饲料对屠宰率、骨重、净肉率、肉骨比、净肉重、系水力、眼肌面积等指标的影响均差异不显著(P>0.05),但是对宰前活重、胴体重、GR值的影响显著(P<0.05)。与苜蓿组相比,驼绒藜可增加羔羊肌肉中对人体有益的必需脂肪酸亚油酸和花生四烯酸的含量。该研究结果为畜牧业生产功能性肉品提供了新的思路。

The nutritional content of feed can directly affect the slaughter performance and meat quality of domestic animals. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of high fiber forage and high protein forage on the quality of lamb meat. In this experinment, the high fiber forage Ceratoides arborescens and the high protein forage Medicago sativa were used as the main components of the feed. Four pairs(a total of 8) 3 months old,(24±2.3)kg healthy twin lambs were selected as the test subjects, and the effects of the two feeds on the slaughter performance, and meat quality indicators of the lambs were analyzed. The results showed that the effect of feeding Medicago sativa pellets on the weight gain of the lambs was an increase of 0.187 kg/d, which was significantly higher than that of the pellets feed consisting of mainly Ceratoides arborescens(0.097 kg/d, P<0.01). Also, the Medicago sativa pellets considerably increased the fat content in the muscles of the lambs, while the Ceratoides arborescens pellets significantly increased the moisture content(P<0.05) and improved the tenderness of the meat. The effects of the two feeds on the slaughter rate, bone weight, net meat rate, meat to bone ratio, net meat weight, hydraulic power,eye muscle area,and other performance indicators were not significantly different( P>0. 05),but they were significant on the live weight before slaughter,carcass weight and GR value of the lambs( P<0. 05). The results also showed that,compared with the Medicago sativa feed group,Ceratoides arborescens increased the content of essential fatty acids such as linoleaidic acid and arachidonic acid in the lamb muscles;these fatty acids are beneficial to the human body. This study was conducive to the upgrading of animal husbandry.