寒冷地区被动房过渡季自然通风策略的实测与模拟研究

Measurement and Simulation Study on the Natural Ventilation Strategies for Passive House in Cold Region during Transition Season

被动房具有高保温隔热性,其节能和舒适性的效果需借助可再生能源的利用来实现。针对寒冷地区过渡季的气候特点和被动房独特的响应特性,本文通过现场实测和模拟分析相结合的方法,对自然通风、机械通风、混合通风策略进行研究,来探索自然通风工况下满足其舒适性和节能要求的可能性。首先,以某被动房示范项目为研究案例,基于多维监测数据,提取其在日间自然通风工况下的室内响应参数,利用PMV指标评价法分析室内舒适性。其次,借助于能耗模拟软件,在实测数据的基础上校验物理模型,模拟其在4月份进行自然通风与机械通风时的室内环境差异。最后,对比被动房在不同通风策略下的运行能耗,从而得到对应的节能潜力和舒适性评估,为寒冷地区过渡季被动房自然通风策略的制定提供参考。

The renewable energy with passive technology can be used to achieve the targets of energy-saving and indoor comfort for passive houses with high heat insulation feature. In view of the climatic characteristics of the transitional season in cold regions and the unique response characteristics of the Passive House,this paper used a combination of on-site measurement and simulation analysis to study strategies of natural ventilation,mechanical ventilation and mixed ventilation,and explore the possibility of meeting comfort and energy-saving requirements via the natural ventilation conditions. Firstly,taking a passive house demonstration project as a research case,the indoor response parameters under daytime natural ventilation conditions were extracted based on multi-dimensional monitoring data. In addition,the indoor comfort was evaluated by using PMV index. Secondly,with the help of energy consumption simulation software,the physical model was verified based on measured data,and the indoor environment difference between natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation in April was simulated. Then,by comparing the operating energy consumption of the passive house under different ventilation strategies, the corresponding energy-saving potential and comfort assessment were obtained,providing reference for the formulation of natural ventilation strategy in the transition season for passive building in cold region.