夏季斯大林沿江公园散步人群动态热舒适研究

Study on the Dynamic Thermal Comfort of Strollers in Stalin Waterfront Park in Summer

为揭示沿江公园休闲步道设计与行为人群热舒适的动态关联,以哈尔滨斯大林沿江公园为例,选取林荫步道和阳光步道两条道路作为研究对象,对夏季行进人群的体核温度、局部皮肤温度进行监测,并对其热感觉和热舒适展开问卷调研。研究结果表明,林荫步道可显著改善人的热感觉和热舒适水平,与阳光步道相比,热感觉投票下降1.56单位,同时热舒适投票提升1.1单位,受试者体核温度下降0.35℃,人体各部位局部皮肤温度出现不同程度下降(0.18~1.98℃)。林荫步道受试者在整个实验期间(60 min)热舒适投票普遍较高,而阳光步道受试热舒适投票则随着时间推移逐步下降,在15 min时由舒适进入不舒适水平,在50 min时达到不舒适极值(-1.67)。研究结果可为斯大林公园景点设计和设施建设提供参考依据,也可作为现行沿江公园休闲步道设计理念和原则的有益补充。

In order to reveal the dynamic relationship between the thermal environment of park leisure pathway and the thermal comfort of park strollers,the study carried a series of tests on the Sunshine pathway and the Treeshaded pathway in Harbin Stalin Waterfront Park. Subjects’ core temperature and skin temperature were tracked and measured. Meanwhile their thermal sensation and thermal comfort were studied by research questionnaire,when they were strolling along the pathway. The results shown that the Tree-shaded pathway can ameliorate both subjects’ thermal sensation and thermal comfort level significantly. Specifically,in Tree-shaded pathway group,thermal sensation vote is 1. 56 units lower and the thermal comfort vote is 1. 1 units higher than Sunshine pathway group. In addition,the core temperature measured in Tree-shaded pathway group is 0. 35 ℃ lower than Sunshine pathway group and the skin temperature is lower as well (0. 18 ~ 1. 98 ℃) . Overall,in Tree-shaded pathway group,the thermal comfort vote of strollers remains in a comfortable level throughout the entire experimental period (60 min),while that in Sunshine pathway group thermal comfort vote decreases with the time,where the subjects feel uncomfortable after 15 minutes and the feeling reaches the peak after about 50 minutes(-1. 67). According to the results,there could be some potential suggestions for space design and landscape facility planning for waterfront park which could be offered as useful supplementary theory for the leisure pathway design principles.