严寒地区太阳能-空气源热泵系统供暖实验研究

HEATING EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOLAR-AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEM IN SEVERE COLD AREAS

针对严寒地区所构建的太阳能-空气源热泵系统供暖实验装置,进行热泵独立运行及蓄热水箱-热泵双热源联合运行的供暖特性研究。结果表明:使用空气源热泵单独供暖时,当室外温度低于-12℃时系统COPs达到最低,无法满足室内采暖需求;当室外温度在-12~-7℃之间时,室内采暖需求虽可得到满足,但系统COPs仅为1.10~1.44,节能效果不明显;当室外温度大于-7℃时,室内平均温度可达到20℃以上,系统节能性较好;蓄热水箱的加入会影响运行初期机组的稳定性,但可使室温得到快速提升并提高系统的制热性能,在相同运行条件下,蓄热水箱-热泵混合供暖期间室内平均温度为24.61℃,系统COPs为2.01,较蓄热水箱与空气源热泵交替供暖及单一空气源热泵供暖模式分别提高6.90%、21.08%,供暖效果最佳。

An experimental heating facility of solar-air source heat pump system was constructed in a typical severe cold area. The heating characteristics using independent air source heat pump or heat storage water tank with air source heat pump hybrid heating was studied respectively. The results show that when the air source heat pump is used for heating alone,the system COPsreaches the lowest when the outdoor temperature is lower than-12 ℃,which fails to meet the demand of indoor heating. When the outdoor temperature is between-12 ℃ and-7 ℃,the indoor heating demand can be met,but the system COPsis only between 1.10 and 1.44,and the energy saving effect is not obvious. When the outdoor temperature is greater than-7 ℃,the average indoor temperature can reach above 20 ℃with quite good systematic energy saving effect. The addition of the heat storage water tank affects the stability of the unit at the initial operating stage, but it can rapidly lift the indoor temperature and improve the heating performance of the system. Under the same operating conditions,the average indoor temperature during the hybrid heating period under the hybrid heating mode is 24.61 ℃ with the system COPsof 2.01, which is 6.90% and 21.08% higher than that of the alternating heating mode of heat storage water tank and air source heat pump and that of separate air source heat pump respectively,and its heating effect is the best.