生物炭中多环芳烃的含量水平和应用风险研究综述

Review of the research on content levels and application risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochar

多环芳烃是一类具有致癌性等负面作用的持久性有机污染物。由于在土壤改良、污染修复和碳固存方面的应用潜力,生物炭受到了越来越多的关注。许多研究已经证明热解制备生物炭过程中不可避地会形成多环芳烃,所以生物炭的应用也可能对环境质量和人类健康产生负面影响。本文综述了生物炭中多环芳烃的研究现状,包括生物炭制备过程中多环芳烃的形成机理、多环芳烃含量的影响因素、含有多环芳烃生物炭的应用风险评估。此外,还提出了一些将来可能的研究方向。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are a family of persistent organic contaminants that are ubiquitous in the environment and have carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic effects.Biochar from a wide range of raw materials has received growing attention owing to its potential applications in soil improvement,pollution remediation and carbon sequestration.The preparation process of biochar is in the environment of insufficient oxygen supply or anaerobic.Previous studies demonstrated that PAHs inevitably form during the process of preparing biochar by pyrolysis,hence,the application of biochar could also have a negative impact on environmental quality and human health.It is necessary to further understand the properties of biochar and ensure its safety in use.This paper reviewed the research status of PAHs in biochar,including the formation mechanism of PAHs in the preparation of biochar,influencing factors of PAHs content,and application risk assessment of biochar containing PAHs.The formation mechanism of PAHs and its content influencing factors should be considered to reduce the content of PAHs in biochar.In addition,it was recommended to develop risk assessment models and reference quality values for PAHs in biochar.We hope this review could provide a valuable reference for the safe application of biochar.