核能运转中氚的防护

Tritium protection in the operation of nuclear energy

氚(^(3)H)是氢的同位素,在环境中的主要来源有天然氚和人工氚。人工氚作为一种副产物或关键燃料在人类发展核能产业中出现,其释放率远远超过天然氚。公众在环境中摄入氚的水平很低,从策略上讲氚的防护应重点关注职业照射人员。本文简要概述了氚的性质、来源、危害、防护及污染处理等,使公众及放射工作人员了解相关知识,做好个人防护。

Tritium(^(3)H)is an isotope of hydrogen.The main sources in the environment are natural tritium and artificial tritium.Artificially produced tritium appears as a by-product or a key fuel in the development of nuclear energy,and its release rate far exceeds that of natural tritium.The public's exposure to tritium in the environment is very low.Strategically speaking,the protection of tritium should focus on occupational exposure workers.This article briefly summarizes the nature,source,hazards,protection and pollution treatment of tritium,so that the public and radiation workers can understand relevant knowledge and do personal protection.