暴力伤医行为的刑法规制研究

Research on the criminal regulation of violent injury to the medical personnel

暴力伤医行为包括对医务人员生命健康权益和对医疗秩序的侵害。现行刑法存在对个人实施的妨害医疗秩序的行为难以有效规制,对故意伤害医务人员的行为处罚过轻,对聚众扰乱医疗秩序的行为适用罪名不合理的问题。暴力伤医行为呈现出增长趋势,并且有犯罪示范效应,社会危害性很大。针对个人实施的妨害医疗秩序行为已经穷尽了其他手段,有必要进行刑法扩张;故意伤害医务人员的行为侵害的法益范围更广,危害性更大,应对应更重的刑罚;刑法也应当对社会公众的理性呼吁做出合理回应。建议在刑法中增设妨害医疗秩序罪,增设故意伤害罪的加重情形,并对公共场所的概念进行扩大解释。还需意识到,刑法规制并不能根除问题,医患和谐仍然任重道远。

Violent injuries to the medical personnel include infringements on the lives and health rights and interests of medical personnel and infringements on medical order.There are problems in the current Criminal Law that it fails to effectively regulate the behaviors of individuals disrupting the medical order,the penalties for intentionally hurting medical personnel are too light,and the crimes of gathering crowds to disrupt the medical order are irrational.Violent injuries to the medical personnel have shown an increasing trend,and produce crime demonstration effect,resulting in serious social harmfulness.We have made every effort to regulate the acts of individuals disrupting medical order,and it is necessary to expand the Criminal Law.The acts of intentionally harming medical personnel have a wider scope of infringements for legal interests and more serious social harmfulness,and deserve heavier penalties.The public’s rational appeals also deserve a reasonable response from Criminal Law.Authors hold the view that we should add a crime of disrupting medical order in the Criminal Law,add an aggravating situation of the crime of intentional injury,and make an extensive interpretation of the concept of public place.It is also essential to realize that the criminal regulation cannot eliminate the problem thoroughly,and there is a long way to fulfill the doctor-patient harmony.