完善我国公共卫生应急立法体系

Perfection of the legislation system of public health emergency in China

我国形成了以《基本医疗卫生与健康促进法》《突发事件应对法》为核心,包括单行法律、行政法规和部门规章在内的公共卫生应急立法体系。但现行公共卫生应急立法也存在紧急状态法缺位、应急单行立法与地方立法滞后、野生动物保护领域立法缺失等短板与不足。针对现存的问题,我国宜加快制定紧急状态基本法,推进应急单行立法和地方立法,并构建生物安全法律体系。

China has formed a public health emergency legislation system centered on"Law on Basic Medical and Health Care and the Promotion of Health"and"Law on Emergency Response",including special laws,administrative regulations and departmental regulations.However,the frequent occurrence of public health emergencies also exposed shortcomings and deficiencies of the current emergency legislation,such as the absence of the basic emergency law,lagging of specific legislation and local legislation,and lack of biosafety legislation.In view of the existing problems,it is advisable for China to formulate the basic emergency law,promote emergency special and local legislation,and establish the biosafety legal system.