无溶剂微波萃取法提取野菊花精油及化学成分分析

Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction and Analysis of Chemical Components of Essential Oil from Chrysanthemum Indicum

采用无溶剂微波萃取法(Solvent-free microwave extraction,SFME)提取野菊花精油,考察了料液比、浸泡时间、微波功率和萃取时间对野菊花精油得率的影响,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(Chromatograpy-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析精油化学成分,用峰面积归一法计算各成分相对含量。结果表明:野菊花精油最佳提取条件为料液比1:5 g/mL、浸泡时间3 h、微波功率600 W、提取时间50 min,精油得率达到0.2161%;SFME提取的野菊花精油经GC-MS检测分析出化学成分121种,主要为单帖类含氧化合物(38.25%)和倍半萜烯烃(28.59%),相对含量较多的化合物是右旋樟脑(12.01%)、甲位侧柏酮(6.95%)、Cubebene(6.05%)、反式石竹烯(4.09%)、冰片(3.93%)、乙位侧柏酮(3.72%)、Α-长叶蒎烯(3.67%)和乙酸龙脑酯(3.50%)。

The essential oil of Chrysanthemum indicum was extracted by solvent-free microwave extraction(SFME).The effects of material-liquid ratio,soaking time,microwave power and extraction time on the yield of essential oil were investigated.The chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the relative content of each component was calculated by peak area normalized method.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were 1:5 g/mL,soaking time 3 h,microwave power 600 W,extraction time 50 min,and the yield of essential oil was 0.2161%.121 kinds chemical composition were detected by GC-MS in the essential oil extracted by SFME.The main components are monoterpene oxide(38.25%)and sesquiterpene(28.59%).The relatively abundant compounds were(+)-camphor(12.01%),(-)-alpha-thujone(6.95%),cubebene(6.05%),trans-caryophyllene(4.09%),L(-)-borneol(3.93%),(+)-beta-thujone(3.72%),alpha-longipinene(3.67%),L-(-)-bornyl acetate(3.50%).